Ma;Tr;RUf;fk;

goe;jkpo; kf;fspd; tho;it moFwg; glk;gpbf;Fk; rq;f ,yf;fpa E}y;fspy; xd;Nw Iq;FWE}W. ,J Ie;E}W Ie;jpiz FWk;ghly;fspd; njhFg;ghFk;. vl;Lj;njhif E}y;fSs; xd;whf tifg;gLj;jg;gLk; ,jd;fz; kdijg; gw;wp ,Of;Fk; ,aw;iff; fhl;rpfs; ,y;yw czh;r;rpfspd; Xtpaq;fshf cs;Siwfpd;wd. mtw;wpy; fstidg; gw;wpa mofpaf; fhl;rpfs; kl;Lk; ,q;F Ma;Tf;Fl;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

fiyr;nrhw;fs;: fstd; – ez;L> mytdhl;b – xUtif tpisahl;L> jz;zfk; – Fsph;r;rp> Ks;sp – xUtifr; nrb> nrW – tay;> kz;zis – kz;zhy; nra;ag;gl;l tis.

Ma;T mwpKfk;

rq;ffhy kf;fspd; cs;sj;J czh;r;rpfisAk;> Ntl;iffisAk; Gyg; gLj;Jk; epiyapy; ,aw;ifiag; gpd;dzpahff; nfhz;L vOe;jitNa rq;ffhyg; ghly;fs;. ,q;F ,aw;if kdpj tho;NthL xd;wpize;J fhzg;gLfpwJ. mJ kf;fspd; xOf;fj;jpw;Fk; nraYf;Fk; gad; nra;Ak; Jiztdhf tpsq;fpaJ vd R. khhpag;gd; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.¹ ftpQh;fs; jq;fs; fiyj;jpwdhy; ftpijfisg; gilf;Fk; NghJ jhq;fs; fUjpa nghUis thrfh;fs; ca;j;Jzh;e;J ,d;gkila Ntz;Lnkd;Nw tpUk;Gfpd;wdh;. ,t;thW mth;fs; xd;iwg; NgRtjpd; topahf thrfh;fs; Ntnwhd;iw czUk; gb nra;tjw;fhfr; gw;gy tpyq;fpdk;> gwitapdk; Mfpatw;wpd; nray;ghLfisf; fUtpfshff; ifahSfpd;wdh;. mt;thNw .Iq;FWE}w;Wg; ghly;fspy; tUk; fstd; vd;Dk; caphpdj;jpd; nray;ghLfisj; jiytdpd; nray;ghLfNshL njhlh;GgLj;jp czh;r;rpfis cs;Siwahf mikj;Jg; ghbapUf;Fk; epiyapid njspTgLj;JtNj ,t;tha;T fl;Liuapd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fkhf mikfpwJ.

fstd; gw;wpa fhl;rpfs;

fstd; vd;gJ ez;bd; ,d;ndhU ngauhFk;. mytd; vd;Wk; ,jid miog;gh;. Iq;FWE}w;wpy; kUjj;jpizapy;> fstd;gj;J vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPo;gLk; gj;J ghly;fspy; ez;L gw;wpa gy;NtW jfty;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,jidj; jtpu nea;jy; jpizapy; Xhplj;jpy; mytdhl;b tpisahLjy; vd;w Fwpg;Gf; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

~,yq;Ftis njsph;g;g mytd; Ml;b~ (Iq;.nea;.197)²

fstdpd; Njhw;w tUzid

fstd; jd; Nkdpapy; Gs;spfisf; nfhz;lJ vd;gij tpsf;f ‘Gs;spf;fstd;’ (Iq;.kU.21> 22> 24 ghly;fs;)³ vd;w Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ. mjw;F Ntk;gpd; mUk;igg; Nghd;w neba fz;fs; cz;L vd;Wk;> mJ jdJ $hpa efq;fshy; Mk;gy; jz;Lfis mWf;Fk; (Iq;.kU.21;)⁴ ,ay;GilaJ vd;Wk; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; mJ misapy; thOk; jd;ikAilaJ vd;Wk; (Iq;.kU.23;)⁵ tpthpf;fg;gLfpwJ..

jiytid cs;Siwahff; nfhz;likAk; ghly;fspy; Nkw;$wg;gl;l ,e;j Njhw;w tUzidfs; milfshf;fg;gl;L> mit jiytdpd; jd;ikfis tpthpf;Fk; epiyapy; mike;Js;sd. cs;SiwAk; ,iwr;rpAk;; njhy;fhg;gpah; fhyj;jpNyNa Nghw;wg;gl;l ctikg; nghUs;ey cj;jpfshFk; vd uh. rPdpthrd; Fwpg;gpLtJ Nghy¹⁷ Gs;spf;fstd; vd;gJ jiytdpd; Njhw;wg; nghypitAk;> Ntk;gpd; mUk;G vd;gJ jiytdpd; Njhw;wj;Jf;Fs;Ns kiwe;jpUf;Fk; ,dpa gz;Gr;rpwg;igAk; fhl;Ltd. mWf;Fk; jd;ik nfhz;l $hpa efq;fs;> jiytpiag; Ngz jiytd; nfhz;Ls;s fbd ciog;G gz;G kw;Wk; jiytDf;F tUj;jj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; fhhpaq;fisAk; tpsf;Fk; epiyapy; mike;Js;sd. NkYk; mJ Xhplj;jpy; jiytpapd; cwtpdhpd; nfhLk; gz;igAk; tpsf;fg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ (Iq;.kU.29:1)⁶. mis jiytdJ ,y;yj;ijf; fhl;Lk; epiyapy; ifahsg;gLfpwJ.

fstdpd; nray;fs;

Iq;FWE}w;wpy;  fstdpd; Njhw;w tUzidiag; Nghy mjd; nray;fs; rpyTk; cs;Siw ctk tUzidapy; Xtpaq;fshf;fg;gLk; NghJ jiytdpd; nray;fs; ek;Kd; glk; gpbf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

Nrw;wpy; thOk; fstd;

fstd; Nrw;wpy; thOk; ,ay;igf; nfhz;l caphpdk; vd;gJ ~ms;sy; Mba Gs;spf;fstd;~ (Iq;.kU.22:1)⁶ vd;Dk; epiyapy;; tUzpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mJ Iq;FWE}w;W jiytd; njhlh;gpy; Msg;gLk;NghJ mr;NrWguj;ijah; Nrhpiaf; fhl;b epw;fpwJ.

FQ;R gpwf;f rhFk; fstd;

fstdpd; gpwg;G jhapd; kuzj;jpy; njhlq;Fk; vd;gjid>

“jha; rhg;gpwf;Fk; Gs;spf; fstndhL~ (Iq;.kU.24:1)⁷

vd;Dk; thpahy; mwpayhk;. ,J jiytd;> jiytp tUe;JkhW jdJ tho;f;if Kiwia mikj;Jf; nfhs;tij tpsf;fp epw;fpwJ.

new;fjpiu tis Nrh;f;Fk; fstd;

fstd; Kw;wpa new;fjph;fis tisfspy; Nrh;j;J itf;Fk; gof;fk; nfhz;l caphpdk; vd;gjid>“nre;ney; mk; nrWtpy; fjph; nfhz;L> fstd; (27:1)⁸ vd;Dk; nrwpthd thpapd;top tiuag;gLfpwJ. ,J jiytd; jiytpapd; eyDf;fhf> nry;t tsq;fisr; Nrh;f;FkhW ghLgl;L ciog;gjid tpsf;fp epw;Fk;.

Mk;gy; jz;Lfis mWf;Fk; fstd;

fstd; Mk;gy; jz;Lfis mWj;J> jdf;Fhpa milfiuia miltij> “Gs;spf; fstd; Mk;gy; mWf;Fk; (21:2)⁹ vd;Dk; thpfshy; mwpfpNwhk;. ,J cs;SiwahFk; NghJ topkhwpa jiytd; gpd;G guj;ijah; njhlh;ig mWj;Jf;nfhz;L jd; jiytpapd;ghy; te;jilAk; epiyapid moFw tpsf;Fk; fhl;rp tUzidahFk;.

taiy nrq;nfhb mWf;Fk; fstd;

fstd; tayUNf tsUk; Kw;whjf; fha;fisf; nfhz;l rptg;G epwkhd mofhd taiyf; nfhbfis mWj;J mopf;Fk; vd;gjid>‘Gay; Gwe;je;j Gdpw;W tsh; igq;fha;> taiyr; nrq;nfhb fstd; mWf;Fk; (Iq;.kU. 25:1>2)¹⁰ vd;Dk; czHr;rpfukhd thpfspy; tpthpf;fg; gLfpd;wd. ,J jiytd; jdJ md;Gj; jiytpapd; ,sk;Gjy;td; tUe;JtijAk; fz;Lnfhs;shJ guj;ijah; xOf;fj;jhy; jiytpia tUe;jr; nra;Ak; epiyapid czh;r;rp jJk;g tpsf;fp epw;fpwJ.

ts;is nkd;fhy; mWf;Fk; fstd;

fstd; fue;ij nfhbfs; kz;bfplf;Fk; taypy; fhzg;gLk; ts;isf; nfhbapd; nky;ypa jz;il mWf;Fk; jd;ik cilaJ vd;gjid ‘fue;ij mk; nrWtpy; Jiz Jwe;J> fstd;> ts;is nkd;fhy; mWf;Fk;~ (Iq;.kU.26 :1>2)¹¹ vd;Dk; thpfs;top Xtpakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J jiytd;> mUikj; jiytpia tUj;JtJld;> gpd;G Jizahf tpUk;gp xOfpa guj;ijaiuAk; ePq;fp xOFk; nfhLikg; gz;igf; nfhz;ltd; vd;gij tpthpf;fpwJ.

ntz;Kis mWf;Fk; fstd;

fstd;> taypy; tpijf;fg;gl;l ntz;ikahd ney; Kisfis mWf;Fk; jd;ik nfhz;lJ. vd;gjid tpj;jpa ntz;Kis fstd; mWf;Fk; (Iq;.kU.29: 1)¹² vd;Dk; tUzid fhl;Lk;. ,J fhjy; gapiu KisapNy fps;sp mopf;fj;Jbf;Fk; jiytpapd; jkhpd; nfhLikia tpsf;fp epw;fpd;w mofpa tUzidahFk;.

Nrw;wpy; NfhykpLk; fstd;

fstd;> Fsph;r;rpahd Nrw;wpy; Ch;e;j tz;zk; jd; $hpa efq;fshy; Nfhyk; Nghd;W tiufis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L nry;Yk; jd;ikAila caphpdk; vd;gij> ~jz;NrW fstd; thpf;Fk; Cuw;F~ (Iq;.kU.28:2)¹³ vd;Dk; thpapy; tpsf;fg; ngWtijf; fhzyhk;. ,J jiytd; jiytpapd; nrayhy; fhjy; NehAw;W Jd;GWk; fhhpaj;ij moFw tiue;J epw;fpwJ.

Fsph;r;rpahd tisapy; jq;Fk; fstd;

fstd; vg;NghJk; Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa kz; misapy; trpf;Fk; jd;ik nfhz;l caphpdk; vd;gij> fstd;> jz;zf kz;zis epiwa (Iq;.kU.27:2>30:2)¹⁴ vd;Dk; ftpij thpfspy; fhzyhk;. ,J jiytdpd; ,y;ykhdJ jiytpf;fhd midj;J tsq;fSk; mikag;ngw;w epiwthd ,lk; vd;gjid tpsf;fp epw;Fk; tUzidahFk;.

Ks;spr;nrbfs; eLtpy; misnfhz;l fstd;

fstd; Ks;Sfs; nfhz;l nrbfs; epiwe;j gFjpapy; misfisf; nfhz;l caphpdk; vd;gjid>

~Ks;sp ePba KJePh; milfiuGs;spf; fstd|; (Iq;.kU.21:1>2)¹⁵

~ms;sy; Mba Gs;spf; fstd;Ks;spNth; misr; nry;Yk; Cud;| (Iq;.kU.22:1>2)¹⁶

~Ks;spNth;  misf; fstd; Ml;b| (Iq;.kU.23:1)¹⁷

vd;Dk; ftpij thpfs; tpsf;Ffpd;wd. ,J jiytdpd; ,y;yr; #oyhdJ guj;ijaiuf; nfhz;l Nrhpfs; epiwe;j r%fr; #oYf;Fj; njhiythdjy;y vd;w fUj;ij ntspg;gLj;jp epw;fpwJ.

miyf;fg;gLk; fstd;

fstd; vd;Dk; rpwpa caphpdkhdJ ngz;fs; mr;RWj;jp tpisahLk; nraYf;F cl;gLj;jg;gLtJ vd;gjid> “Ks;spNth; mis fstd; Ml;b> ,yq;F tis njsph;g;g mytd; Ml;b~ (Iq;.kU.23:1>197:1)¹⁸ vd;Dk; thpfspy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J goq;fhyj;jpy; kfsph; eLtpy; fhzg;gl;l nghOJNghf;F xd;iw gjpT nra;tJld;> jiytd; guj;ijah; xOf;fj;jhy; kdk; tUe;j NehpLjiyAk;> jiytp jiytid re;jpf;Fk; jd;Dila kfpo;r;rpf;fhfj; jk;Kld; ,Ug;Nghiu tUe;jr;nra;Ak; epiyiaAk; cs;Siwahf; Ftjhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

KbTiu

,t;thW fstdpd; Njhw;wk; kw;Wk; nray;fs; topahfj; jiytd;> jiytp> jiytpapd; jkh; Nghd;Nwhhpd; jd;ikfisAk; czh;r;rpfisAk;> nray;ghLfisAk; Iq;FWE}W ,aw;if NahL nghUe;j cs;Siwahf;fp epw;fpwJ vd;gijj; njspTw mwpfpNwhk;. NkYk; rq;ffhyj;jpy; kfsph; nghOJNghf;fhf mytdhl;ly; vd;Dk; tpisahl;il tpisahb te;jijAk; mwpa Kbfpd;wJ.

mbf;Fwpg;G

1. lhf;lh; khhpag;gd;;> R. eph;kyh gjpg;gfk;> nrq;fy;gl;L> 1994> gf;.51.
2. Kidth; m. jl;rpzh %h;j;jp (ciuahrphpah;)> epA+ nrQRhp Gf; `T];> nrd;id> 2004>
3. NkyJ gf;.50-56.
4. NkyJ gf;.51.
5. NkyJ gf;.54.
6. NkyJ gf;.52.
7. NkyJ gf;.56.
8. NkyJ gf;.62.
9. NkyJ gf;.64.
10. NkyJ gf;.59.
11. NkyJ gf;.60.
12. NkyJ gf;.65.
13. NkyJ gf;.64.
14. NkyJ gf;.63>67.
15. NkyJ gf;.50>52>54.
16. NkyJ gf;.54>417.
17. rPdpthrd;. uh.> rq;f ,yf;fpaj;jpy; ctikfs;> mzpafk;> nrd;id> 1973> gf;.224.
18. rz;Kfk; nr. it. nghUspyf;fzf; Nfhl;ghL ctktpay; njhy;fhg;gpak;> epA+ nrQ;Rhp Gf; `T];> 2019> gf;.30;.

Rani, R. (2021). Iq;FWE}w;wpy; fstd;. Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Studies, 4(4), 32-35.