Ma;Tr;RUf;fk;

ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; cyf ehl;Lg;Gw ,yf;fpaq;fSs; Kjd;ikahdjhf cs;sd. cyf fijg;ghly;fs; midj;Jk; mikg;G Kiwfspy; xw;Wikf; $Wfis jd;dfj;Nj ngw;wjhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,j;jifa mikg;G Kiwfspy; Kjd;ikadjhf tpsq;FtJ fijaikg;G KiwahFk;. xt;nthU ehl;bYk; gy;NtW ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; epytpte;jhYk; mit xj;jr;R+oiyf; nfhz;ljhf fhzg;gLfpd;wd. Njtijfisf; Fwpj;j fijg;ghly;fs;> ehl;Lg;Gw  nja;tq;fisg; gw;wpaf; fijg;ghly;fs;> tPujPur; nray;fisg;Ghpe;j tPuh;fisg;gw;wpaf; fijg;ghly;fs;> kd;dh;fisg; gw;wpa fijg;ghly;fs; vd gy;NtW ehLfspy; ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; toq;fpthpDk; mit fijaikg;G Kiwfspy; gy xw;Wikfisf; nfhz;ljhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,j;jifa fijaikg;G Kiwia ,f;fl;Liu tpthpf;fpwJ.

Kf;fpa thh;j;ijfs;: ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs;> fijaikg;G> kuGfs;> gz;ghl;Lf; $Wfs;.

Kd;Diu

ehl;Lg;Gw kf;fspd; ek;gpf;iffs; gof;f tof;fq;fs;> kuGfs;> gz;ghl;Lf; $Wfisf; nfhz;ljhf tpsq;Fgit ehl;Lg;Gw ,yf;fpaq; fshFk;. ,t;,yf;fpaq;fs; tha;nkhopahf toq;fp tug;gl;litahFk;. ,tw;wpy; kpf Kf;fpakhd ehl;Lg;Gw ,yf;fpakhf tpsq;Fgit ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; MFk;. ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; ehl;Lg;Gw kf;fspd; tho;tpaiyAk;> r%f #o;epiyfisAk; gz;ghl;Lf; $WfisAk; milahsk; fhl;Lk; fz;zhbahf tpsq;FfpwJ. ghyl;(Ballad) vd;w Mq;fpyr; nrhy;Yf;F epfuhf jkpopy; fijg; ghly; vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. jkpopy; fijg;ghly; vd;w nrhy;yhdJ tpy;Yg;ghly;fs;> cLf;fbg; ghly;fs; Nghd;w ehl;lhh; tof;fhw;W tifikfis Fwpg;gpLtjhf cs;sJ. jkpopy; ehl;lhh; fijg;ghly;fs; midj;Jk; tha; nkhopahf toq;fp te;jit MFk;. nghJthf cyf nkhopfspy; Njhd;wk; nfhz;l midj;J ehl;lhh; fijg;ghly;fSk; tha;nkhopahf toq;fg;gl;L te;jitahFk;. jkpo; ehl;lhh; fijg;ghly;fs;> tPujPur; nray;fisg; Ghpe;jth;fspd; fijfs;> xU tuyhw;W epfo;T> Nghh;fs;> cah;e;j rhjpf;fhud; jho;e;j rhjpg;ngz;iz kzk;Ghpa vz;zpaNghJ epfo;e;j jfuhWfs;> mJNghd;Nw jho;e;j rhjpf;fhud; epyTlikg; ngz;iz fhjypj;j  NghJ ele;jg; gpur;ridfs;> nrhj;Jj; jfuhwpy; epfo;e;j nfhiyf;Fg; gopf;Fg; gop thq;Ftjhf mike;j fijg;ghly;fs;> nja;tq;fs;> Njtijfs;> murh;fs;> G+jq;fs;> Guhz ,jpfhr epfo;Tfs; Nghd;w gy;NtW fijaikg;G Kiwfisf; nfhz;ljhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,j;jifa fijaikg;G Kiwfs; cyf ehl;lhh; fijg;ghly;fNshL xj;J NghFkhW cs;sjhf ehl;LGw Ma;thsh;fs; Fwpg;gpL fpd;wdh;. ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fis MuhAk;NghJ mit VNjDk; xUtifapy; fijaikg;Gf; $Wfisf; nfhz;ljhf tpsq;Ffpwd. ,j;jifa fijaikg;G Kiwfis ,f;fl;Liuapy; fhz;Nghk;.

Ma;tpd; Nehf;fq;fs;

l fijg;ghly;fspd; gz;Gfis mwpjy;.

l fijg;ghly;fspd; fUj;JUthf;fq;fis mwpjy;.

l tuyhw;W fijg;ghly;fspd; fijaikg;G Kiwfis mwpjy;.

l tpy;Yg;ghly;fisAk; mjd; fijaikg;gpidAk; mwpjy;.

l tPufhtpa fijg;ghly;fis mwpjy; Mfpait ,f;fl;Liuapd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fshFk;.

fijg;ghly;fspd; gz;Gfs;

fijg;ghly;fs; gy;NtW rpwg;Gf; $WfisAk; gz;GfisAk; nfhz;ljhFk;. ehl;lhh; fijg; ghly;fs; ,lr;#oyhYk; fhyr;#oyhYk; khW ghl;bw;Fhpait MFk;. vdpDk; ,it gyg; nghJg; gz;GfNshL jpfo;fpd;wd. ehl;Lg;Gw Ma;thsh;fs; gyUk; fijg;ghly;fisf; Fwpj;j Ma;Tfis Nkw;nfhz;lNghJk; mjidg; gw;wpa njspthd tpsf;fq;fisNah tiuaiw fisNah nfhLf;ftpy;iy. fijg;ghlYf;F fiyf;fsQ;rpak; gpd;tUkhW tpsf;fk; jUfpwJ. ~~fijg;ghl;L vd;w ,yf;fpa tifahdJ kf;fsJ ehtpy; jpfo;fpwJ. ,ij ,aw;wpath; ahuhfapUg;gpDk; ghLgtuJ chpikahf khwptpLfpwJ. ,jw;F Kd;DiuAk; gpd;DiuAk; tpsf;fKk; Njitapy;iy.’’ (~~fiyf;fsQ;rpak;|| 186-187) vd;w tpsf;fj;ijg; ghh;f;Fk;NghJ fijg; ghly;fSf;F kuGf;F cl;gl;ljhd ,yf;fz tiuaiwfis nfhLf;f ,ayhJ vd;gJ GydhfpwJ.

“fijg;ghly;fs; tuyhWfs; my;y mit tPu fhtpak; kdpjg;gz;gpd; cah;e;j mk;rq;fisg; Nghw;Wgit. r%fr; rPh;NfLfisf; Nfyp nra;git. ,tw;iw fw;gidahy; cUthd ehl;lhh; ghly; vd;Nw nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. (thdkhkiy 1974> 21) vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;. ,jid Nehf;Fk;NghJ tPujPur; nray;fisg; Ghpe;Njhhpd; rpwg;Gf;fisAk;> GfioAk; ngUikg;gLj;Jk; tpjkhfTk; mth;fspd; tPuj;ij vd;Wk; kwf;fhky; ed;wp ghuhl;Lk; tpjkhfTk; fw;gidf; fye;j GidTfshy; nkUNfw;wg;gl;L fijg;ghly; tbtk; ngw;Ws;sJ vd;gij mwpaKbfpwJ.

Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU gz;ghl;by; Fwpg;gl;l rpy #oy;fspy; tha;nkhopahf xU ghlfNdh my;yJ xU FOtpdNuh Nrh;e;J kf;fs; Kd; vLj;Jiuj;J ,irAld; epfo;j;Jfpd;w fij jOtpag;ghlNy fijg;ghlyhFk; vd jd; Ma;T thapyhf fijg;ghlYf;F tpsf;fk; jUfpwhh; ,uhkr;re;jpud; ehah;. ,t;thW fijg;ghly;fs; Fwpj;j gy Ma;thsh;fSk; gy tpsf;fq;fisj; jUfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; ,t; tpsf;fq;fisAk;> tiuaiwAk; Kbe;j xd;whf fUjKbahJ.

jkpopy; fijg;ghly;fs;

jkpopy; ehl;lhh; tof;fhWfspy; fijg;ghlYf;F vdj; jdp ,lKz;L. jkpopy; ehl;lhh; fijg; ghly;fs; mk;khid vd;w tbtpy; Kjy; Kjypy; toq;fg;gl;L te;Js;sJ. mk;khid vd;gJ ngz;fs; tpisahLk; xU tpisahl;lhFk;. ,t;tpisahl;ilg; ngz;fs;; tpisahLk;NghJ; VNjDk; xU fijia xU ngz; tpdhthfj; njhlq;f mjd; tpilia kw;w ngz;fs; njhlh;e;J  $w tpisahLk; tpisahl;lhFk;. ,t;tpisahl;bd;NghJ gy Guhz ,jpfhrf; fijfisg; ghly;fs; thapyhfg; ngz;fs; ntspg;gLj;jp mk;khid tpisahLthh;fs;. ,t;thW jkpopy; fijg; ghly;fSf;F Kjypy; tbtk; je;jit mk;khidahFk;. ,r;nrhy;ypypUe;J mk;khid thp> mk;khidf; fhy;> mk;khid klf;F vd;w nrhw;fs; gpwe;jd. mk;khid vd;w nrhy;ypw;F jha;> jiytp> MLq;fUtp> jP vd;w nghUs;fs; cz;L. mk;khidg;ghl;L vd;gJ fijg; ghliyf; Fwpg;gjhFk;. rpyg;gjpfhuk;> jpUthrfg; ghly;fspy; mk;khid tbtq;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. gps;isj;jkpopy; mk;khidg; gUtk; ghb MLk; epiyapy; ,y;yhky; ,yf;fpa epiyapy; cs;sJ. gps;isj;jkpopy; ngz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpopy; xd;gjhtJ gUtk; mk;khid ahFk;. ,t;thW jkpopy; mk;khid vd;W $wg;ngWk; fijg;ghly; tbtk; kpfg;goik tha;e;jjhFk;.

jkpopy; fijg;ghly;fSf;Fg; gy;NtW ngah;fs; mjd; jd;ikia tpsf;Ftdthf cs;sd. fijg;ghlypd; tifg;ghl;bidg; R.rj;jpNty; gpd;tUkhW Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.

fij        : Kj;Jg;gl;ld; fij> ey;yjq;fhs; fij> mz;zd;khh; Rthkp fij

fijg;ghly;   : fhj;jtuhad; fijg;ghly;> tPughz;baf; fl;lnghk;K fijg;ghly;

mk;khid    : ,uhikag;gd; mk;khid> fs;sofh; mk;khid

ghl;L        : fhkd; ghl;L

khiy       : gtsf;nfhb khiy> my;ypaurhzp khiy

ntw;wp       : jpthd; ntw;wp

vw;wk;        : Vzp Vw;wk;

Fk;kp        : mhpr;re;jpud; Fk;kp> rptnfq;iff; Fk;kp

FwtQ;rp     : Qhduj;df; FwtQ;rp

fhtpak;      : fgpiy fhtpak;

thdthrk;    : gQ;rghz;lth; tdthrk;

Nrhgdk;      : yypjhk;ghs; Nrhgdk;

krf;if      : nghd;DUtp krf;if

cghf;fpahdk;; : tj;ry cghf;fpahdk;

rhpjk;        : MjpA+h; rhpjk;> kd;kjd; rhpjk;

tpUj;jk;      : fl;lnghk;K ,uhkehjGu Nghl;b

G+ir        : khh;f;fz;ld; jpUf;flT+h; G+ir

thf;fpak;     : fNghj thf;fpak;> Frygp thf;fpak;

fPh;j;jid     : fgpy rhpj;jpuf; fPh;j;jid

rz;il      : fhd;rhfpG rz;il

Nghh;        : ,utpFl;bg; gps;isg; Nghh;

gilg;Nghh;    : fd;dbad; gilg;Nghh;

ahfk;        : mRtNkj ahfk;

Fwk;        : JNuhgij Fwk;.

rpe;J        : G+Yj;Njtd; rpe;J

J}J        : Gye;jpud; J}J

tpy;Yg;ghl;L  : Rliykhld; fij tpy;Yg;ghly; (rf;jpNty;      92-93)

,it Nghd;w fijg;ghly; tbtq;fs; jkpopy; toq;fg;gl;L te;Js;sd. ,f;fijg;ghly;fs; xU Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpapy; tho;e;j tPujPur; nray;fs; Ghpe;jth;fisg; gw;wpajhfNth> Guhz ,jpfhrepfo;Tfis ikakhff; nfhz;ljhfNth cs;sd. ,it gy;NtW fij aikg;Gfisf; nfhz;ljhf fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

fijg;ghly; tbtq;fs; ehl;LGw kf;fsplk; kpf gpurpj;jpg; ngw;wjhf tpsq;fpaitahFk;. ,it ehl;lhh; tof;fhw;wpaypy; jdf;nfd jdpKj;jpiu gjpj;jitahFk;. jkpo; ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly; tbtq;fspy; Nghh; Njhd;wf; fhuzk;> Nghh; eltbf;fiffs; Fwpj;j fijg;ghly; tiffSk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,j;jifa fijg;ghly;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l mikg;G Kiwfis gpd;gw;wp ,aw;wg;gl;ljhf cs;sd. ,t;tikg;G KiwahtJ: 1. fhg;G 2. tzf;fk; 3. tuyhW 4. thop vd;w gFjpfisf; nfhz;ljhFk;. ,jid Nehf;Fk;NghJ Kjypy; ,iwtid tho;j;jpghb fijg;ghly;fisj; njhlq;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ xU kughf gpd; gw;wg;gl;L te;Js;sJ Gyg;gLfpwJ. mLj;jjhf jkpoh;fs; FUit tzq;Fk; khz;G ngw;wth;fs; ,j;jifa khz;G ehl;Lg;Gw kf;fsplk; fhzg; gl;ld vd;gij mth;fs; fijg;ghly;fspy; FUtzf;f Kiwfis mikj;jpUe;jd;%yk; mwpa KbfpwJ.

fijg;ghly;fspy; ikaf;fUj;Jf;fs;

xU fijia tha;nkhop tha;ghl;L eilapy; guk;giuahfr; nrhy;yp tUk;NghJ gad;gLj;jg; gLk; fUj;Jf;fspd; njhFjpfis mbf; fUj;Jf;fs; vd;fpwhh; My;gh;l; yhh;L mth;fs; (My;gh;l;yhh;L 68) kuGtop tha;nkhopg;ghly;fs; vLj;Jiug;gjw;fhf kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; tUk; xU $W my;yJ tUzid mbf;fUj;jhFk; vd;W tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. thag;;ghL vd;gJ vLj;Jiug;gjw;fhfTk; tUzpg;gjw;fhfTk; tUk; $W vd;whYk; ahg;gpay; Kiwapy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. mbf;fUj;Jf;fspy; mstpy; kl;Lkpd;wp mtw;wpd; tha;ghl;L cs;slf;fj;jpYk; khWgLfpd;wd. vdNt mbf;fUj;J vd;gJ nrwptpd;wp kPz;Lk; kpz;Lk; tuf;$baJ vdyhk;.

jkpo;f; fijg;ghly;fspy; fhzg;gLk; mbf; fUj;Jf;fs; njhFj;Jj; jug;gl;Ls;sd. Kg;gj;jpuz;L r%ff;fijg; ghly;fspd; mbg;gilapy; eh.tdkhkiy ikaf;fUj;Jf; fisj; njhFj;J toq;fpAs;shh;. Mit gpd;tUkhW:

1. fhg;G 2. ehl;L tsk; 3. Foe;ij ,y;yhik 4. Fwj;jp Fwpnrhy;yy; 5. jtk; nra;jy; 6. fUTWjy; 7. gps;is gpwj;jy; 8. Nrhjpld; Fwpnrhy;yy; 9. gs;spapy; gbj;jy; 10. mz;zd; khiug; gphpe;J nry;yy; 11. murdplk; gzp ahw;wy; 12. murd; ghprspj;jy; 13. ngz;fisf; fz;L fhjy; 14. ciuahly; 15. je;ij MAjnkLj;jy; 16. kze;Jnfhs;s tpUg;gk; njhptpj;jy; 17. jpUkzj;jpw;F epge;jid tpjpj;jy; 18. ngz;iz kzg;gjhf cWjp$wy; 19. rNfhjuh;fs; rpiwapyplYk; jg;gpj;jYk; 20. epge;jidia epiwNtw;wy; 21. jpUkzk; 22. fsTNghjy; 23. fdT 24. Nghhply; 25. nfhbRw;wpf; Foe;ij gpwj;jy; 26. fhl;by; tplg;gl;L ehfg;ghk;ghy; ghY}l;ly; 27.rf;fpypad; tsh;j;jy; 28. murd; kfidf; fhjypj;J kzk; Kbj;jy; 29. murd; Nghhpy; ,wj;jy;  30. kw;nwhU kd;ddplk; gzpahw;wy; 31. fs;siu mlf;f kJiu nry;yy; 32. muz; kidg; ngz;izj; J}f;fpr; nry;Yk;NghJ khWfhy; khWif thq;fg;gly; 33. Nrgpisahd; tsh;j;jy; 34. Mhpa khiyiar; rpiw vLj;jy; 35. kd;ddplk; Kiwaply; 36. ,we;j ngz;iz caph;ngwr; nra;jy; 37. cah;rhjp tPl;by; jq;f vjph;g;G 38. fhjyDk; fhjypAk; re;jpj;jy; 39. Ciutpl;Lg; Gwg;gly; 40. mz;zd;khh; Njly; 41. fhl;bf; nfhLj;jy; 42. ngz;iz tpUk;gy; 43. ngz;zpd; je;ij kWj;jy; 44. nfhilehspy; jpUkzk; nra;jy; 45. Rliyf;F Neh;e;j gd;wpiaf; nfhy;yy; 46. kr;rpdd; rNfhjhp fztidf; nfhy;yy; 47. ,uz;L Mz; Foe;ijfs; gpwj;jy; 48. je;ij tuyhW mwpjy; 49. jha;khkidf; nfhd;W mtdJ kfid kzk; Kbj;jy; 50. jpUlh;fis tpul;babj;jy; 51. kf;fs; Gfo;e;J ghpR toq;fy; 52. Fyg; ngUik mwpjy; 53. giftDld; Nkhjy; 54. kw;w murdpd; cjtpiag; ngw 55. #o;r;rpahy; nfhy;yg;gly; 56. jPr;rFdq;fs; 57. RidahLk; NghJ topjtwy; 58. fUT+yj;ij vLf;fj; jpUlh;fshy; nfhy;yg;gly; 59. nfhba tpyq;F fshy; jpUlh;fs; mopj;jy; 60. cwtpdh;fs; khs;jy; 61. Ntl;ilahly; 62. jpUly;  63. gpbgly; 64. ke;jputhjp tPl;by; jq;fy;  65. khl;biwr;rp tpUk;gy; 66. fs;sidf; fz;L gpbj;Jf; nfhiy nra;ay; 67. ehf;ifg; gpLq;fpr; rhjy; 68. Fjpiualf;fp ke;jphpahjy; 69. ngz; Zld; njhlh;G 70. jk;gpf;Fj; jd; kidtpAld; njhlh;G ,Uf;Fnkd Iag;gl;L Rly; 71. mz;zp nfhhOe;jDld; cld;fl;il Vwy; 72. fzpifah; njhlh;G 73. ke;jpuj;jhy; gyh; ,wj;jy; 74. fw;gopg;G 75. jpUkzk; Ngr;R kWg;G 76. gQ;rk; 77. mz;zd; tPLtuy;  78. mz;zp nfhLik 79. VO Foe;ijfisf; fpzw;wpy; tPrpj; jhDk; ,wj;jy; 80. mdhij 81. Ntiy ,y;iy 82. jb vLj;jy; jz;ly; fhudhjy; 83. ngUQ; nry;te;jdhfp ke;jphpahjy; 84. topg;gwp nra;J ViofSf;F mspj;jy; 85. Fw;wkpioj;jy; 86. fhtyh; Njly; 87. jiykiwT tho;f;if 88. fhl;bf; nfhLj;jy;  89. jz;lid  ngwy;  90. Gijay; vLj;jy; 91. Nfhapy; G+ir 92. kfidj; jpUk;gpj; juj; nja;tk; kWj;jy; 93. jiytd; nfhy;yg;gLjy; 94. jiytp nfhy;yg;gLjy;   95. GijaYf;fhff; nfhy;yg;gly;  96. fOtp Nyw;wk; 97. eha; rhitj; njhpag;gLj;jy; 98. cld;fl;il Vwy; 99. jPf;Fspj;jy;  100. ehf;ifg; gLq;fpr;rhjy; 101. td;dp kukhjy; 102. caph; ngw;W voy; 103. tuk; ngw;Wg;gop thq;fy; 104. nja;tkhjy; 105. topgLjy; 106. tho;j;J. (tdkhkiy 1971> 115-116) jkpopy; toq;fg;gLk; fijg;ghly;fs; midj;Jk; Ma;Tf;F cl;gLj;jpa eh.tdkhkiy mth;fs;  mtw;wpd; ikaf;fUj;Jf;fspd; mbg;gilapy; njhFj;J mspj;jpUg;gJ ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly; Ma;TfSf;F kpf gaDs;s tifapy; mike;jpUg;gNjhL> jdp ,lj;ijAk; ngw;Wj; je;Js;sd.

tuyhw;Wf; fijg;ghly;fspy; fijaikg;GKiwfs;

12 Mk; E}w;whz;bw;Fg; gpd; jkpofj;jpd; rpy gFjpfis Ml;rp nra;j FWepy kd;dh;fSk;> mth;jk; jsgjpfSk;  elj;jpa Nghh;fisg; gw;wpa fijahly; ghl;Lf;fisNa tuyhw;Wf; fijg;ghly;fs; vd;W Fwpg;gpl;L tUfpNwhk;. ,J Fwpj;j tiuaiwg;gw;wp ,d;Dk; ehk; ftiyg;gltpy;iy. ,f;fijg;ghly;fspy; $wg;gLk; nra;jpfs; 13 Mk; E}w;whz;L Kjy; 19 Mk; E}w;whz;Lf;F ,ilg;gl;l fhyj;ijr; rhh;e;jit.

Ith; uhrhf;fs; fij> fd;dbad; gilg;Nghh;> gQ;rghz;lth;fij> ntl;Lk; ngUkhs; fij> cyfKOJilahs; fij Mfpa Ie;J tuyhw;Wf; fijg;ghly;fSk; xNu tuyhw;iwr; nrhy;Ytd (thdkhkiy 1974>191). ,uhikag;gd; mk;khid> ,utpf;Fl;b gps;is Nghh;> jk;gpkhh; fij> Njrpq;Fuh[d; fij> fhd;rhfpg; rz;il> rptfq;if mk;khid> rptfq;iff; Fk;kp> fl;lnghk;kd; tuyhW> fl;lnghk;kd; fijg;ghly;> fl;lnghk;K $j;J> fl;lnghk;K Fk;kpg;ghly;> mz;zd;khh; Rthkpfij> cyFilangUkhs; fij Nghd;wit tuyhw;Wf; fijg;ghly;fshFk;.

tpy;Yg;ghly;fs;

ehl;Lg;gw kf;fspd; tho;tpaiyr; rpj;jhpg;gjpy; tpy;Yg;ghly;fs; kpf Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf; fpd;wd. tpy;Yg;ghly;fs; ehl;Lg;Gw kf;fsplk; tpopg;Gzh;T> eifr;Rit czh;T> gf;jp> tPuk;> kdpjNeak; Mfpa gz;Gfis tsh;g;gjhf tpsq;fpd. tpy;Yg;ghly;fs; fijg;ghly; tbtj;jpy; jdpj;Jtk; tha;e;jitahFk.; tpy;Yg;ghlypy; jiyik Vw;Wg;ghLtJ xUth; mth; tpy;iy ,af;fpathW fijiaj; njhlq;Ffpwhh;. mtUf;F gpd;Gyj;jpy; kw;wth;fs; njhlh;e;J ciuAk;> ghlYkhff; fijia efh;j;jpr; nry;fpwhh;fs;. jkpofj;jpy; toq;Fk; tpy;Yg;ghly;fisAk; mjd; ,ay;GfisAk; gpd;tUkhW Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh; Y}h;J> tpy;Yg;ghly;fs; ney;iy> Fkhp khtl;lq;fspy; ,d;Dk; tho;e;JtUk; tha;nkhopf; fijahly; kughFk;. ,e;j tpy;Yg;ghl;Lf; fijahly;fs; ,k;kugpy; topglg;gLk; nja;tq;fspd; tho;f;if tuyhw;iw vLj;Jiug;gd. tpy;Yg;ghl;L epfo;j;jg;gLk; Nfhtpy;fspy; my;yJ “G+lq;fspy;” (gPlq;fspy;) epiyngw;wpUf;Fk; Mz;> ngz;> nja;tq;fs; ,it. ,tw;iwr; rhkpfij vd;gh;. ,e;jf; fijg;ghly;fs; ‘gpwe;jfij”. ‘,we;jfij’ vd;W tifg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. nja;tg; gpwtpfisg; gw;wpa fijfs; ‘gpwe;jfij’ vd;Wk; ntl;Lg;gl;l thijfisg; gw;wpa fijfs; ‘,we;jfij’ vd;Wk; miof;fg;gL fpd;wd. ntl;Lg;gl;l thijfisg; ‘Nga;;g; gilfs;’> ‘gLfsq;fs;’ vd;Wk; ehl;lhh; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;.

,t;tpUtif tpy;Yg;ghl;Lf; fijahly;fSk; xNu khjphpahd tuyhw;Wj; Njhuzpfspy; mikfpd;wd. Mdhy; mit ntt;NtW gpd; Gyq;fspy; njhlq;Fdpwd. Kf;fpakhd rk;gtq;fis ntt;NtW Kiwfspy; elj;jpr; nry;fpd;wd. ,jdhy; mtw;wpw;Fj; jdpj;jd;ik ahd gz;igaspf;fpd;wd. Kjy; tiff; fijfs; (gpwe;jfij) ifyhrj;jpy; njhlq;Ffpwd. mq;F gpwg;ngLg;gJ Mr;rphpakhfTk; typapy;yhkYk; mikAk;. mq;F Vw;gLk; Kuz;ghL ,aw;ifapoe;jJ. mjdhy; ghlypd; ,Wjp Kbtjpy;iy. Mdhy; ,jw;F khwhf ,uz;lhtJ tiff; fij (,we;jfij) ,t;Tyfpy; ek; r%fj;jpy; njhlq;f ,q;F gpwg;G khDlepiyapy; typAld; mikfpd;wJ. ,q;F Kuz;ghL r%f mbg;gil rhh;e;jikfpwJ. Mjypd; mJ Jd;gKbthk; rhTf;F ,l;Lr;nry;fpd;wJ. KjyhtJ Gidtpay; gz;Gk;> ,uz;lhtJ elg;gpay; gz;Gk; nfhz;lit.

,t;tpUtifiaAk; rhh;e;j tpy;Yg;ghl;Lf; fijfs; Vwf;Fiwa E}w;Wf;Fk; Nkw;gl;lit ,g;gFjpapy; fhzg;gLfpwd.

rh];jh fij my;yJ ty;yuf;fd; fij> Rliykhld; fij> fhj;jtuhad; fij> kJiutPu Rthkp fij> ,rf;fpak;kd; fij> nkr;Rk; nghUkhs; ghz;bad; fij> <dKj;Jg; ghz;bad; fij> td;dpuhrd; fij> rpd;dizQ;rp fij> gpr;irf;fhud; fij> G+r;rpak;kd; tpy;Yghl;L Nghd;wit rpy fijg; ghly;fshk; (Y}h;J 205-206).

tPufhtpaf; fijg;ghly;

Kjypy; tPufhtpaf; fijg;ghly;fspd; ,ay;GfisAk;> mtw;wpd; ,ay;El;gq;fisAk; Fwpg;gpl;L mtw;wpf;F ,uhikag;gd; mk;khid vt;thW nghUe;jptUfpwJ vd;gjidf; fhz;Nghk;. tPuepiyg;ghly;fspd; gz;Gfs; gytw;iw rp.vk; ngsuh Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. fijf;Fk; fijapy; tUk; rk;gtq;fSf;FNk Kjd;ikaspf;Fk;. mjw;nfd;W xU eLehaf khf nfhs;if ,Ue;jhy; jd;Dila jFjpia ep&gpf;f khtPud; xU Nrhjidapy; ntw;wpngw Ntz;Lk;. mr;Nrhjid Vwf;Fiwa typikkpF tPur;nrayhf ,Uf;Fk;. mjw;F cly;typikAk;  nghWikAk; Kaw;rpAk; Njitg;gLk;. Vndd;why; mr;nraw;fhpa nraiyr; nra;a tho;itNa gzak;itf;f Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; jiytd; ve;j msT Gfioj;Njb tho;itg; gzak; itf;fj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;gijg; nghWj;jJ. ,J tho;itg; gzak;itf;Fk; nray;fSs; ntspg;gilahdJ NghhpLjy; MFk;. ,uhikag;gd; mk;khidapd; ,uhikag;gDk;> xU khtPud; mtid vjph;j;Jg; NghhpLk; td;dpAk;> xU khtPud; ,UtUk; jq;fs; tPuj;ij epUgpf;f ,Wjptiu NghuhLfpd;wdh;.

,uhikag;gDk; td;dpAk; jq;fs; tPujPug; gz;Gfs; Fwpj;Jj; jw;Gfo;r;rpAld; rgjk; nra;J tQ;rpdk; $Wfpd;wdh;. rhTf;F mQ;rpath;fshf vt;tplj;jpYk; fijg;ghlypy; $wg;gltpy;iy. ,uhikag;gd;

    “njd;dtNd tpz;zg;gQ;nra;fpNwd; NfSka;ah

     Kd;dNk eQ;Nrid Kbe;jhh; nsd;Wiuj;jPh;

     kd;dth;fs; nkj;j kbe;jhh;f nsd;Wiuj;jPh;

     me;jkwtd; gLk; ghL NfSika;ah

     ve;jdpl ths; jpwj;ij apdpg;ghUk; kd;dtNd

     jhpNah jdid rpj;jpu Nrdd; Kd;dhs;

     ghpthfj; Njh;f;fhypy; ghrKld; fl;LifNghy;

     muf;fh; Fyj;ij mDkh uWj;jhg;Nghy;

     kwf;Fyj;ij ehDk; kha;j;Jf; fUtWg;Ngd;

     vl;lhk Nyhb apwq;fp apUe;jhYk;

     nrd;wpuq;fp vl;lhehs; njd;dtNd  ghUyfpy;

     ehlopj;Jj; jPf;nfhOj;jped;dfiug; ghohf;fp

     ntl;br; rpiwgpbj;J Nte;jd; rilffidAk;

     fl;bf; nfhz;L tUNtd; fhj;jNd Ad;ghjk;”

vd;W jpUkiy ehaf;fphplk; tPunkhop NgRfpwhd; (Y}h;J 212-213).

tPufhtpaf; fijg;ghly; NghhpLk; gz;GfisAk;. tPu jPur; nray;fisAk; tPuRitaiaAk;> kf;fsplk; toq;fp te;jitahFk;. tPunkhopapy; NgRk; tPu Fzj;ijAk;> Mw;wiyAk; ntspg;gLj;Jk; tpjkhf tPufhtpaf; fijg; ghly;fs; tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,f;fijg; ghly;fspd; fijaikg;G Kiwfs; tPuj;ijAk;> Nghh; KiwiaAk; RitAld; vLj;Jiug;gjhf cs;sd.

KbTiu

ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; ehl;Lg;Gw tha;nkhop tof;fhWfspy; Kjd;ikahdjhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,tw;wpd; fijaikg;G Kiwfisg; gw;wpa Ma;Tfs; njhlh;e;j tz;zk; cs;sd. ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly; tbtq;fs; mbg;gilapy; gphpf;fg;glgl;L Ma;Tfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd. jkpo; ehl;Lg;Gw fijg;ghly;fspd; ikaf;fUj;jf;fs; gytw;iwAk; eh.thdkhiy mth;fs; njhFj;Js;shh;fs;. mthpd; mhpa Kaw;rp jkpo; ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fs; Fwpj;j Ma;Tf;F xU jdp ,lj;ij mspj;Js;sJ. tuhw;Wf; fijg;ghly;fspy; tuyhw;W Kiwapdhyhd mZFKiwfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ljd; tpisthf fijg;ghly;fspy; gy;NtW tuhw;Wr; RtLfs; ,Ug;gJ fz;lwpag;gl;Ls;sJ. tuyhw;Wf; fijg;ghly;fs; Fwpg;ghf murf; fijg;ghly;fis ikakhff; nfhz;lit ahFk;. rpy mf;fhyj;J ghuk;ghpa tPuj;ijAk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ tpy;Yg;ghly;fs; thapyhf epfo;Tfs; kf;fsplk; vspjhf nfhz;Lr; Nrh;f;fg;gl;ld. Guhzf;fijfs;> tuyhw;Wf; fijfs;> Md;kPff;fijfs;> tpy;Yg;ghly;fspd; fijaikg;ghf tpsq;fpd. ,t;thW ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fspd; fijaikg;G Kiwfs; jkpo; ehl;Lg;Gw tuyhw;W Ma;Tfspd; thapyhf ntspf;nfhzug;gl;Ls;sd.

ghh;it E}y;fs;

Y}h;J> Nj. ehl;lhh; tof;fhw;wpay; rpy mbg;gilfs;. ghisaq;Nfhl;il> v];]hh; m/g;nrl;> rptfhrp> 1997.

rf;jpNty;> R. (%d;whk; gjpg;G). ehl;Lg;Gw ,ay; Ma;T. kzpthrfh; gjpg;gfk;> ghhpKid nrd;id> 2002.

tdkhkiy> eh. Kj;Jg;gl;ld;fij.  kJiug;gy;fiyf;fofk;> kJiu> 1971.

tdkhkiy> eh. nkhopay;yhj ehl;Lg; gz;ghl;Lr; rhd;Wfisg; nghUs; nfhs;Sk; Kiw. Muha;r;rp kyh; 4> ,jo; 3> 1974.

~~fiyf;fsQ;rpak;||. jkpo; tsh;r;rpf;fofk;> nrd;id> 1966> gf;. 186-187.

yhh;l; My;gh;> gp. j. rpq;fh; Mk; nly;];. mj;njdfk;> epA+ahh;f;> 1976.

To cite this article

mUs;> v];. (2019). ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijg;ghly;fspy; fijaikg;G. Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Studies, 2(2), 29-36.